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Phase IVendors pendingFacts verified · 2026-05-25

Follistatin 344

Also known as fst344, fs344 · Wikipedia

Follistatin-344 (FST-344, FS-344) is a 344-amino-acid splice isoform of the endogenous activin-binding glycoprotein follistatin. It is marketed as a research peptide for myostatin inhibition and skeletal-muscle hypertrophy, with most credible human evidence coming from AAV-delivered gene-therapy programs (Acceleron / Nationwide Children's Hospital under Jerry Mendell) for Becker muscular dystrophy and sporadic inclusion-body myositis rather than from injected recombinant protein. Because FST-344 is a large, glycosylated protein with a serum half-life measured in minutes and rapid heparin/extracellular-matrix sequestration, subcutaneous vendor product is mechanistically unlikely to achieve meaningful systemic bioactivity. Also known as: FST344; FS344.

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Mechanism of action

Follistatin-344 is a 344-aa splice isoform of endogenous follistatin that functions as a high-affinity decoy ligand for TGF-beta superfamily members myostatin (GDF-8) and activins A/B, preventing receptor engagement at ActRIIB and downstream Smad2/3 signaling. By relieving the myostatin brake on satellite-cell activation and protein synthesis, follistatin produces skeletal-muscle hypertrophy in preclinical models (https://pubmed.

Follistatin-344 is a 344-aa splice isoform of endogenous follistatin that functions as a high-affinity decoy ligand for TGF-beta superfamily members myostatin (GDF-8) and activins A/B, preventing receptor engagement at ActRIIB and downstream Smad2/3 signaling. By relieving the myostatin brake on satellite-cell activation and protein synthesis, follistatin produces skeletal-muscle hypertrophy in preclinical models (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19208403/). The FS-344 isoform contains a heparin-binding domain that tethers it to cell-surface proteoglycans and the extracellular matrix, distinguishing it from the freely circulating FS-315 isoform; in vivo, FS-344 is proteolytically processed to FS-315 (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6204036/). AAV1.CMV.FS344 gene therapy delivered intramuscularly drives durable local expression and has demonstrated hypertrophy and functional gains in mdx mice, primates, and Phase I/IIa BMD patients (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4426808/).

Pharmacokinetic properties

Half-life

Native follistatin protein has a very short serum half-life (~minutes); the heparin-binding 344 isoform binds tissue extracellular matrix rapidly. Gene-therapy (AAV-FST) delivers durable expression

Routes

intramuscular (gene therapy) · subcutaneous (vendor protein — questionable)

Bioavailability

Vendor-sold lyophilized recombinant or synthesized follistatin is unlikely to remain bioactive after subcutaneous injection: as a 344-aa glycoprotein it requires correct folding and glycosylation, and the molecule is rapidly cleared. Meaningful systemic effects from SC self-administration are mechanistically implausible. Gene-therapy approaches (AAV1-FS344) bypass this by driving in-situ muscle expression.

Amino-acid sequence

(Glycoprotein, 344 aa; sequence too long for label field)

Use & research dosing

There is no validated human dose for injected recombinant follistatin-344. Self-experimentation protocols commonly report 100 mcg subcutaneously daily or every other day for 10-30 day cycles, despite serious bioactivity concerns for a 344-aa glycoprotein delivered SC. The only systematic human data come from AAV gene-therapy trials (Mendell et al., BMD and sIBM): AAV1.CMV.FS344 was delivered by direct bilateral intramuscular quadriceps injection at 3 x 10^11 vg/kg/leg (Cohort 1) and higher in subsequent cohorts (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4426808/) - not transferable to recombinant-protein dosing.

Research-use framing only. SavePeptides sells nothing for human consumption. Doses above reflect reported research / self-experimentation ranges, not clinical recommendations.

Editorial perspective

Major factual landmine: vendor-sold subcutaneous follistatin-344 is unlikely to be systemically bioactive. It is a 344-aa glycoprotein requiring correct folding and glycosylation, has a serum half-life of minutes, and is rapidly sequestered to extracellular matrix. The only credible clinical progress has been AAV gene therapy (Mendell group) for Becker muscular dystrophy and sporadic inclusion-body myositis, with mixed independent replication (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5628928/). Research subjects considering this peptide should treat marketing claims of muscle hypertrophy from SC self-administration with extreme skepticism.

— SavePeptides editorial desk · last updated 2026-05-25

Cautions & contraindications

Before researching this compound, note:

  • Vendor-sold lyophilized recombinant follistatin-344 is unlikely to remain systemically bioactive after subcutaneous injection; buyers may be receiving a cosmetic placebo
  • Theoretical concern in active or suspected malignancy due to ActRIIB-pathway involvement in tumor biology
  • Cardiac hypertrophy and cardiomyopathy are theoretical risks of chronic myostatin/activin blockade
  • Activin signaling regulates FSH secretion - chronic inhibition could disrupt the HPG axis and fertility
  • AAV gene-therapy delivery carries distinct risks (immunogenicity, durable off-target expression, hepatotoxicity at high systemic doses)
  • Avoid in pregnancy and lactation due to absent safety data and effects on activin-mediated reproductive biology
  • Independent replication of the Mendell sIBM functional benefit has been challenged (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5628928/)
  • WADA-prohibited in athletic competition (myostatin inhibitors, S4 category)
  • Sterility and purity of vendor material highly variable; large glycoprotein production is difficult outside specialized facilities

Facts verified

2026-05-25

Confidence

low

What this means

  • vendor SC product likely not bioactive - large glycoprotein with minute-scale half-life
  • human evidence limited to AAV gene therapy, not recombinant protein

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